Recognised as Chemical element
Phosphorus
- P
- Z = 15
- nonmetal
Phosphorus (P) is element 15, a nonmetal in period 3 and group 15. Its standard atomic weight is 30.974 Da. Weights follow IUPAC standard atomic weights, 2021 revision.
Identity
SymbolP
Standard atomic weight30.974atomic mass units (Da)
Mass in kilograms5.1433537 × 10^-26
Categorynonmetal
Group15
Period3
Blockp-block
Electrons in a neutral atom15
Neutrons in the most common isotope16≈
Electron configuration
Configuration1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³ground state, subshells written in order of n
Noble gas shorthand[Ne] 3s² 3p³
Electrons per shell2, 8, 5K, L, M and outward
Electrons in the outer shell5
Unpaired electrons3Hund's rule; unpaired electrons make the free atom paramagnetic
Madelung ruleFollowedthe ground state is what the n + l filling order predicts
Quantities
Molar mass30.974 g/mol
Mass of one mole30.974 grams
Atoms in one gram1.9442567 × 10^22
Mass of one atom5.1433537 × 10^-23 g
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